Mu gushaka ubuzima bwiza no kumererwa neza muri rusange, dukunze guhura nibintu bitandukanye hamwe na molekile bigira uruhare runini mugukoresha imbaraga z'umubiri. Adenosine, nucleoside isanzwe iboneka, ni imwe muri molekile igenda yitabwaho cyane kubera akamaro gakomeye k'ubuzima. Kuva guteza imbere ubuzima bwumutima kugeza gutanga imbaraga no gushyigikira metabolism, adenosine ifite imbaraga nini zo gukomeza imibiri yacu imbere.
Adenosine ni ibintu bisanzwe biboneka muri selile hafi ya yose mumubiri. Ni molekile yingenzi igira uruhare mubikorwa bitandukanye bya physiologique, harimo guhererekanya ingufu no kugenzura amaraso.
Adenosine, nucleoside, igizwe na molekile isukari (ribose) na adenine, kimwe mu bice bine biboneka muri ADN na RNA. Ifite uruhare runini mukubyara adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ifaranga ryibanze ryingirabuzimafatizo. Iyo imibiri yacu ikeneye ingufu, ATP igabanyijemo diphosphate ya adenosine (ADP) hamwe nitsinda rya fosifate yubusa, ikarekura ingufu kugirango ikore ibikorwa bitandukanye byo guhinduranya.
Usibye uruhare rwayo muri metabolism yingufu, adenosine igira uruhare mukumenyekanisha inzira mumibiri yacu. Ikora nka neurotransmitter, ubutumwa bwimiti itwara ibimenyetso hagati ya selile nervice. Adenosine ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza reseptor zihariye mubwonko, bigatera ingaruka zitandukanye mubikorwa byimitsi ndetse bikagira ingaruka kubitotsi, kubyutsa, no kubyutsa.
Mu rwego rwubuvuzi, adenosine ikoreshwa nkumuti mugihe cyo gupima umutima. Itangwa mumitsi kugirango yongere byigihe gito umuvuduko wamaraso kumutima no gutera umuvuduko, bituma inzobere mubuzima zisuzuma imikorere yumutima. Adenosine ifite igice gito cyubuzima kandi ingaruka zayo zirahindurwa vuba, bigatuma igikoresho cyizewe kandi cyiza muburyo bwo gusuzuma.
Kuva mubikorwa byo guhererekanya ingufu byahujwe na molekile nka AMP, ADP na ATP, kugeza ku ruhare rwo kugenzura rwagize uruhare muri cAMP mu kimenyetso cy'utugari, adenosine ikomeza kuba ikintu gikomeye kandi cy'ingenzi mu mashini zikomeye z'ubuzima.
●Adenosine monophosphate (AMP): AMP ni metabolite ikomeye igira uruhare mu guhererekanya ingufu zidasanzwe. Mu gufata ingufu zasohotse mugihe cyimikorere ya selile, AMPs igira uruhare runini muri nucleotide biosynthesis, protein fosifora, no guhererekanya ibimenyetso. Byongeye kandi, ni molekile ibanziriza synthesis ya adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ifaranga nyamukuru ryibinyabuzima bizima.
●Adenosine diphosphate (ADP): Nkumunyamuryango ukurikira wumuryango wa adenosine, diphosphate adenosine (ADP) igira uruhare rukomeye muguhindura ingufu za selile. ATP ni hydrolyzed kugirango ikore ADP, irekura amatsinda ya fosifate ningufu zikenewe mubikorwa bitandukanye bya physiologique. ADP ikora nkibibanziriza synthesis ya AMP kandi irashobora kuzuza urwego rwimikorere ya ATP. Uru ruzinduko rwa ATP hydrolysis kuri ADP no kuvuka bundi bushya rutanga imbaraga zihoraho zitangwa mumikorere ya selile.
●Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): Nta gushidikanya, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) nuburyo buzwi cyane kandi bukomeye bwa adenosine. ATP ikora nk'ifaranga ry'ingufu ku isi yose mu binyabuzima byose, ikora nk'ikigega cy'ingufu zitera ibinyabuzima byinshi. Byaba ari ukugabanya imitsi, kwanduza imitsi, cyangwa gutwara ibintu hirya no hino, ATP ihita itanga ingufu ahantu hose nigihe cyose bikenewe. Muguhindura byihuse itsinda ryayo rya fosifate kumurongo runaka, ATP itanga imbaraga zikenewe mubikorwa bya selile mugihe amaherezo ihinduka ADP.
●Adenosine deaminase (ADA) - ADA igira uruhare muri metabolisme ya purine, irasabwa kugirango aside nucleic ihindurwe mu ngingo, kandi ishyigikire iterambere no kubungabunga sisitemu y’umubiri ihindura uburozi bwa deoxyadenosine muri lymphocytes.
●Cycle adenosine monophosphate (cAMP): Usibye imbaraga za metabolism, duhura na cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Iyi molekile ntoya ariko ikomeye ni intumwa mukumenyesha inzira, ikora nkintumwa ya kabiri ya hormone zitandukanye na neurotransmitter. cAMP ikora ingaruka zayo mugukora protein kinase, igenga inzira nyinshi za selile nko kwerekana gene, gukwirakwiza selile, hamwe na plastike ya synaptique. Mugutunganya ibyo bikorwa byibanze, cAMP ifasha kubungabunga homeostasis selile no guhuza ibisubizo bitandukanye byumubiri.
1. Kongera ubuzima bwimitsi yumutima
Adenosine yasanze ifite inyungu nyinshi kuri sisitemu yumutima nimiyoboro. Ubwa mbere, adenosine iruhura imitsi yoroshye yimitsi igabanya kwinjiza calcium no gukora adenylate cyclase mumyanya mitsi yoroheje. Ni vasodilator ikomeye, bivuze ko yagura imiyoboro y'amaraso, bityo ikongera amazi yumubiri. gutembera kw'amaraso. Mu kwemeza amaraso ahagije ku mutima no ku zindi ngingo, adenosine igabanya ibyago byo kurwara umutima-mitsi nk'indwara z'umutima ndetse na stroke.
Byongeye kandi, adenosine igira ingaruka z'umutima, irinda kwangirika kw'imitsi y'umutima mugihe cyo kugabanuka kw'amaraso. Itanga uburinzi bukomeye mugihe cyumutima, igabanya kwangirika kwimitsi yumutima, ndetse irashobora no gufasha mugukiza nyuma yumutima.
2. Tanga ingufu kandi ushyigikire metabolism
Adenosine ni molekile igira uruhare runini muri metabolism. Ni nucleoside igizwe na adenine na ribose kandi igira uruhare muburyo butandukanye bwo guhinduranya umubiri.
ATP ni molekile nyamukuru ishinzwe kubika ingufu no gutwara muri selile. Adenosine igira uruhare mu gukora adenosine triphosphate (ATP) kandi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cya ATP. Binyuze murukurikirane rwibinyabuzima, birashobora guhinduka muri ATP kugirango bitange ingufu mubikorwa byimikorere.
Byongeye kandi, adenosine nayo igira uruhare mukugenzura metabolism binyuze mumikoranire hamwe niyakira muri selile. Imiti ya Adenosine iboneka mu ngingo no mu ngingo zitandukanye, kandi iyo adenosine ihujwe n'izi reseptors, igenga imikorere ya metabolike mu mubiri.
Adenosine yerekanwe kubuza gusenyuka kwa glycogene, uburyo bwo kubika glucose mu mubiri. Mu guhagarika isenyuka rya glycogene, adenosine ifasha kubungabunga glucose homeostasis kandi ikanatanga imbaraga zihoraho mumubiri.
3. Kunoza ibitotsi
Adenosine igira uruhare runini mu bwonko bwa neurotransmission mu bwonko bwacu, cyane cyane muguhindura ukwezi-gusinzira. Ikora nk'imitekerereze isanzwe muri sisitemu yo hagati, itera gusinzira no kudufasha kugenzura ibitotsi byacu. Urwego rwa Adenosine mu bwonko rwiyongera buhoro buhoro umunsi wose, bigatera ibyiyumvo byo kunanirwa no gusinzira. Muguhuza reseptor zihariye mubwonko, adenosine ifasha gutera no gukomeza gusinzira cyane. Kubwibyo, urugero rwa adenosine ihagije ningirakamaro kugirango usinzire neza kandi uruhuke muri rusange.
Byongeye kandi, adenosine igira uruhare mukwibuka no kwibuka. Byerekanwe kunoza imyigire no guhuriza hamwe kwibuka, bigatuma ishobora kuba intego yo kuvura kubantu bafite ibibazo nkindwara ya Alzheimer cyangwa izindi ndwara zubwenge.
4. Kunoza imikorere y'imyitozo no gukira imitsi
Adenosine yasanze ifite ingaruka zitandukanye mubikorwa bya siporo, bishobora kugirira akamaro kanini abakinnyi cyangwa abantu bashaka kongera ubushobozi bwabo bwumubiri. Mu kongera umuvuduko wamaraso, adenosine ituma imitsi yakira ogisijeni nintungamubiri zihagije mugihe cyimyitozo ngororamubiri, bityo bikongera kwihangana no gutinda umunaniro.
Byongeye kandi, adenosine itera irekurwa rya aside nitide, vasodilator ikomeza kongera amaraso no gutanga ogisijeni mu mitsi. Uku kwiyongera kwa ogisijeni bigira uruhare mu gukira imitsi byihuse kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo gukomeretsa imyitozo.
Mugihe adenosine ibaho mubisanzwe mumibiri yacu, turashobora kurushaho kongera urwego rwayo turya ibiryo birimo intungamubiri zimwe na zimwe cyangwa ibibanjirije. Reka dusuzume amwe mumasoko meza y'ibiribwa twashyira mumirire yacu kugirango tuzamure urugero rwa adenosine muburyo busanzwe
●Inyama n’inkoko: Inyama zinka, inkoko na turukiya. Izi nyama kandi zitanga aside amine yingenzi, kandi kongeramo inyama zidafite inkoko n’inkoko mu ndyo yawe birashobora gufasha gushyigikira umusaruro wa adenosine.
●Ibinyamisogwe n'ibinyomoro: Ibinyamisogwe nk'ibinyomoro, inkeri, n'ibishyimbo by'impyiko nabyo biteza imbere umusaruro wa ATP kandi ni isoko nziza ya poroteyine y'ibimera. Guhora wongeyeho ibinyamisogwe mumirire birashobora gutanga ibyubaka umubiri mugihe bisanzwe byongera urugero rwa adenosine.
●Ibiryo byo mu nyanja: Ubwoko bwamafi nka salmon, sardine, trout, makerel na code ni isoko nziza igira ingaruka kuri adenosine. Byongeye kandi, ibiryo byo mu nyanja bitanga aside irike ya omega-3, ifite inyungu nyinshi mubuzima, bigatuma yongerwaho agaciro kuri menu yawe.
●Ibinyampeke byuzuye: Harimo ibinyampeke byose nka oats, umuceri wijimye, na cinoa mumirire yawe ntabwo bitanga fibre nintungamubiri gusa, ahubwo bifasha no gukora adenosine. Izi ngano zirimo adenosine monophosphate (AMP), ibanziriza adenosine ihindurwa mu mibiri yacu kugira ngo iyi nucleotide itangwe neza.
●Icyayi kibisi: Icyayi kibisi nisoko ikungahaye kuri adenosine igereranya catechin. Nubwo idashobora gutanga adenosine mu buryo butaziguye, catechine ifite imiterere isa niyibemerera guhuza no gukora reseptor ya adenosine mumibiri yacu, biteza imbere kuruhuka nubuzima muri rusange.
Indyo yuzuye ningirakamaro kugirango igumane ingufu nyinshi kuko buri macronutrient igira ingaruka zitandukanye kuri ATP.
ATPurwego rushobora gutangwa binyuze mumirire yuzuye kuko umubiri ukoresha molekile mubiribwa kugirango ukore ATP ningufu, ariko kubantu bamwe barya indyo imwe, inyongera ya ATP nuburyo bwiza.
Kugirango ushimire byimazeyo ibyiza byinyongera ya adenosine na ATP, ni ngombwa kumva uruhare rwabo mukubyara ingufu z'umubiri. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bakunze kwita "ifaranga ry'ingufu." Irashinzwe gutanga ingufu kuri buri selile yo mumubiri no gukora imirimo yibanze nko kugabanya imitsi, ibikorwa byimitsi na metabolism. Ku rundi ruhande, Adenosine, ni ingirakamaro ya neurotransmitter igenga ibitotsi no gukanguka.
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium umunyu ni nucleotide ikoreshwa nkisoko yingufu za selile. Igizwe na adenosine hamwe nitsinda rya fosifate eshatu, ni molekile ikomeye cyane muri metabolism. Uru ruganda rufite uruhare runini mugukoresha ingufu za selile kandi rugira uruhare mubikorwa bitandukanye bya biohimiki na physiologique, nko kugabanya imitsi no kwanduza imitsi. Nkinyongera ya ATP, irashobora gutanga imbaraga za metabolism kumubiri wumuntu kandi ikora nka coenzyme mumaselire.
Iyo usuzumye inyongera ya adenosine na ATP, ni ngombwa guhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza biva ahantu hizewe. Shakisha inyongeramusaruro zakozwe muburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge kandi wapimwe neza kugirango ube mwiza kandi neza. Tekereza kugisha inama inzobere mu by'ubuzima cyangwa inzobere mu by'imirire kugira ngo umenye urugero rwuzuye rw'igihe n'ibihe ukurikije ibyo ukeneye ku giti cyawe.
Ikibazo: Nigute adenosine igira ingaruka kumagara yumutima?
Igisubizo: Adenosine igira uruhare runini mugutunganya ubuzima bwumutima. Ikora nka vasodilator isanzwe, bivuze ko ifasha kwagura imiyoboro yamaraso, kunoza umuvuduko wamaraso no kugabanya umuvuduko wamaraso. Mu kwagura imiyoboro y'amaraso, adenosine ituma ogisijeni nintungamubiri nyinshi bigera ku mutima no ku zindi ngingo. Ibi bifasha mukubungabunga ubuzima bwimitsi yumutima.
Ikibazo: Ni izihe nkomoko ya adenosine mu mubiri?
Igisubizo: Adenosine isanzwe iboneka mumubiri kandi irashobora kuboneka ahantu hatandukanye. Bikomoka kuri adenosine triphosphate (ATP), molekile ishinzwe kubika no guhererekanya ingufu muri selile. ATP igabanyijemo diphosphate ya adenosine (ADP) hanyuma igacika mo monofosifate ya adenosine (AMP). Hanyuma, AMP ihindurwa muri adenosine. Usibye ibi, adenosine irashobora kandi kuboneka mubitunga ibiryo nkibiryo n'ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe.
Inshingano: Iyi ngingo ni iyamakuru rusange gusa kandi ntigomba gusobanurwa nkinama zose zubuvuzi. Amwe muma poste yamakuru aturuka kuri enterineti kandi ntabwo ari umwuga. Uru rubuga rufite inshingano zo gutondeka, gutunganya no guhindura ingingo. Intego yo gutanga amakuru menshi ntabwo bivuze ko wemera ibitekerezo byayo cyangwa kwemeza ukuri kwibirimo. Buri gihe ujye ubaza inzobere mu buzima mbere yo gukoresha inyongeramusaruro cyangwa guhindura ibintu byubuzima bwawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-20-2023
