N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide nuruvange rwicyiciro cya acide amine. Azwi cyane cyane ku ruhare rwayo muri neurobiology, iyi nteruro ni igereranya rya aspartate ikora N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide yakira mu bwonko. Kwakira kwa NMDA bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye bya sisitemu ya nervice, harimo kwiga, kwibuka, hamwe na plastike ya synaptic.
Niba ushaka kumenya N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide icyo aricyo, reka tubanze twumve aside amine niki? Acide Amino nigice cyibanze cya poroteyine, kandi proteyine nigice cyingenzi cyibintu bitandukanye bikoresha ibinyabuzima mu ngirabuzimafatizo zabantu, nka enzymes, antibodies, imitsi nuduce. Gufata neza aside amine ihagije irashobora gukomeza intungamubiri za poroteyine nziza no kuyisana, kandi igatera imbere no gusana ingirangingo z'umubiri.
Amino acide ni ngombwa mumikorere myiza ya sisitemu n'imikorere myinshi mumubiri. Gufata neza kandi bihagije aside aside amine ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi bigamije kubungabunga ubuzima.
N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ni methylated ikomoka kuri acide aspartic (Acide Astentic Acide) hamwe nitsinda rya methyl.
Ni isomer ya acide acide hamwe na methyl groupe ifatanye na azote. ni aminide ikomoka kuri aminide ikora nka agonist yihariye kuri reseptor ya NMDA, yigana ibikorwa bya glutamate, neurotransmitter isanzwe ikora kuriyi reseptor.
N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide iboneka mubinyabuzima bitandukanye, harimo ibimera ninyamaswa.
Ifite ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byibinyabuzima mumubiri muzima kandi igira uruhare mubikorwa bitandukanye bya physiologique, nka synthesis hamwe no kurekura neurotransmitter, synthesis protein, nibindi.
Byongeye kandi, ni na neuromodulator, N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide igira ingaruka zoguhindura sisitemu y'imitsi, kandi ikagira uruhare mu kwanduza ibimenyetso bya nervice na neuroprotection.
N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide, ifumbire isanzwe iboneka mubwonko bwumuntu, igira uruhare runini muri plastike ya synaptic, inzira yingenzi mukwiga no kwibukwa. Ipasitike ya synaptique bivuga ubushobozi bwa synaps yubwonko bwo gukomera cyangwa gucika intege mugihe, bitewe nuburemere ninshuro yibikorwa byimitsi. NMDAA igira ingaruka cyane cyane kuri reseptorN-Methyl-DL-Aspartic (NMDA), igira uruhare mumashanyarazi maremare (LTP) - gushimangira imiyoboro ya synaptic.
Bumwe mu buryo bwibanze uburyo N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ishobora kunoza kwibuka ni ukorohereza itumanaho hagati yingirangingo zubwonko. NMDA ikora nka neurotransmitter ihuza reseptor zihariye mubwonko, cyane cyane muri hippocampus, ishinzwe gukora ibintu bishya twibuka. Muguhuza aba reseptors, NMDA ifasha gushimangira isano iri hagati ya neuron, byorohereza amakuru gutunganywa no kubikwa neza.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko Acide N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic itera kurekura ubwonko bukomoka mu bwonko bukomoka mu bwonko (BDNF), poroteyine ikomeye mu mikurire no kubaho kwa neurone nshya mu bwonko. BDNF igira uruhare runini muri neuroplastique, ubushobozi bwubwonko bwo guhindura no guhindura imitekerereze ihuza imyakura isubiza imyigire nuburambe. Mugukomeza kuboneka kwa BDNF, NMDA ishyigikira kurema inzira nshya yimitsi, byongera kwibuka hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwiga.
Birumvikana ko inyungu za N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide itagarukira gusa mubushobozi bwo kwibuka no kwiga. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko bushobora no guteza imbere imikorere yubwenge muri rusange. NMDAAs yerekanye ko igira ingaruka ku zindi sisitemu ya neurotransmitter, nka dopaminergic na serotonergic inzira, zigira uruhare mu kugenzura imiterere, kwitabwaho, no gushishikara. Muguhindura sisitemu, N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide irashobora gufasha kunoza intumbero, kuba maso, no kumvikanisha ibitekerezo, bikarushaho kunoza imikorere yubwenge.
Muri rusange, N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide yerekana imbaraga zikomeye zo kunoza kwibuka no kwiga. Gutezimbere imikorere yubwenge ikenewe kugirango batsinde amasomo nu mwuga muguhindura plastike ya synaptique hamwe nuburyo bwa neuroprotective. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zayo kuri sisitemu ya neurotransmitter irashobora gufasha kunoza imikorere yubwenge muri rusange. Mugihe hagikenewe ubundi bushakashatsi, inyongera ya NMDAA irerekana inzira ishimishije kubashaka kongera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kumenya no gukomeza kuba maso mubuzima bwabo bwose.
N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ni aside isanzwe ibaho aside amine igira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye byumubiri. Iboneka cyane cyane mu biribwa bikungahaye kuri poroteyine nk'inyama, amafi, amagi, n'ibikomoka ku mata. Ariko, iraboneka kandi binyuze mubyongeweho. Ibikurikira, reka dusuzume ibisa nibitandukaniro hagati yo kubona Acide N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ikomoka kubiribwa no kuyifata nk'inyongera!
Ubwa mbere, kugirango ubone Acide N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide iturutse mu biryo, ibiryo bikungahaye kuri poroteyine birimo urugero rwinshi rwa aside amine. Umuntu ku giti cye arashobora guhaza ibyo NMDAA akeneye kurya indyo yuzuye irimo isoko ya poroteyine. Byongeye, kubona N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide mubiribwa byose bifite inyungu zinyongera zo kubamo izindi ntungamubiri zingenzi ukeneye mubuzima rusange.
Kurundi ruhande, ibiryo byonyine ntibishobora guhora bihagije kugirango uhuze N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ikenewe kubantu bamwe. Abakinnyi, abubaka umubiri, cyangwa abakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeye barashobora gusaba urugero rwinshi rwa NMDAAs kugirango bashyigikire imitsi no gukura. Muri iki kibazo, N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide yongeyeho irashobora gutekerezwa.
N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide inyongera ziza muburyo bwinshi, harimo ifu na capsules, kandi birashoboka kuboneka. Bakunze kubamo NMDAA isukuye cyangwa ikora neza, byoroshye kugenzura no gupima gufata. Byongeye kandi, inyongeramusaruro zitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutanga isoko ihagije ya N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide, cyane cyane kubafite inzitizi z’imirire, allergie, cyangwa ingorane zo kurya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri poroteyine.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko inyongera ya N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide igomba gukoreshwa mubwitonzi. Mbere yo kwinjiza ibyongeweho byose mubikorwa byawe, birasabwa kugisha inama inzobere mubuzima cyangwa inzobere mu bijyanye nimirire. Barashobora gusuzuma ibyo ukeneye kandi bakamenya igipimo gikwiye cya N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide kubibazo byawe byihariye.
Mugihe inyongera zishobora gutanga intego kandi zoroshye, ntizigomba gusimbuza indyo yuzuye. Ibiribwa byuzuye ntabwo bitanga N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide gusa, ahubwo binatanga inyungu zinyuranye zimirire nubuzima. Kugumana indyo yuzuye kandi itandukanye ni ngombwa kugirango ubuzima bwiza n'imibereho myiza.
Kurangiza, dushobora kubona N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide ivuye mubiribwa cyangwa binyuze mubyongeweho. Mugihe indyo yuzuye igomba kuba isoko yambere ya NMDAA, inyongera zirashobora gutanga igisubizo cyoroshye kubantu bafite ibyo bakeneye cyangwa babuza imirire. Ariko, ni ngombwa gushaka inama zumwuga mbere yo kwinjiza inyongera nshya muri gahunda zawe. Ubwanyuma, guhuriza hamwe kurya neza hamwe no kongerwaho intego (nibiba ngombwa) birashobora gufasha kwemeza urwego rwiza rwa N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic Acide kubuzima bwiza.
Mbere yo gukoresha NMA, tugomba gusobanukirwa numutekano n'ingaruka za NMA, kugirango turusheho gukoresha ingaruka nini za NMA tutiriwe twangiza umubiri.
Ku bijyanye n’umutekano ubanza, ni ngombwa kumenya ko muri rusange NMA ifatwa nk’umutekano iyo ifashwe mu kigero gikwiye. Ariko, kimwe nibindi bikoresho byose, gufata cyane NMDA bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza asabwa no kugisha inama inzobere mu buvuzi mbere yo gutangira inyongera.
Imwe mu ngaruka zishobora guterwa na NMAs ni excitotoxicity. Excitotoxicity ibaho mugihe reseptor ya NMA idakabije, biganisha kuri calcium ion irenze urugero no kwangirika kwa neuron. Iyi ndwara ifitanye isano n'indwara nyinshi zifata ubwonko, nka Alzheimer na Parkinson. Ariko, birakwiye ko tumenya ko excitotoxicity ifitanye isano cyane na dosiye nyinshi ya NMA, idakunze kuboneka mumirire yimirire cyangwa inyongera zisanzwe.
Iyindi ngaruka ya NMA ningaruka zayo muburyo bwo kuringaniza imisemburo. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko gufata NMA birenze bishobora kubangamira umusaruro no kugenzura imisemburo imwe n'imwe, nka testosterone. Iyi misemburo ya hormone irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwimyororokere no kumererwa neza muri rusange. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi burakenewe cyane kugirango dusobanukirwe nuburyo nyabwo ningaruka ndende za NMA kurwego rwa hormone.
Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite ubuvuzi bwabayeho mbere bagomba kwitonda mugihe basuzumye inyongera ya NMA. Kurugero, abantu barwaye igicuri cyangwa amateka yigicuri bagomba kwirinda inyongera ya NMA, kuko ishobora gutera gufatwa kubera ingaruka zayo kubakira NMA.
Kubikoresha Kubitekerezaho Mugihe mubisanzwe bifatwa nkumutekano iyo bikoreshejwe mukigero gikwiye, gufata cyane birashobora gutera ingaruka mbi nka excitotoxicity hamwe nubusumbane bwimisemburo. Abantu bafite ubuvuzi bwabayeho mbere (cyane cyane igicuri n'amateka ya epilepsy) bagomba kwitonda mugihe batekereje kunganira NMA. Kimwe ninyongera, nibyingenzi kugisha inama inzobere mubuzima mbere yo kwinjiza NMA muburyo bwo kuvura umuntu ku giti cye.
Ikibazo: Bitwara igihe kingana ikiN-Methyl-DL-Ibicegukora?
A: Ingaruka za N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic aside irashobora gutandukana bitewe numuntu kugiti cye, dosiye, nuburyo bwo kuyobora. Ariko, mubisanzwe, byizerwa ko aside N-Methyl-DL-Aspartic ishobora gufata ahantu hose kuva muminota mike kugeza kumasaha make kugirango utangire gukora. Birasabwa kugisha inama inzobere mu by'ubuzima cyangwa gukurikiza amabwiriza yatanzwe n’uruganda kugira ngo umenye amakuru arambuye ku gihe bifata kugira ngo iki kigo gitangire gukurikizwa.
Inshingano: Iyi ngingo igamije amakuru gusa kandi ntigomba gufatwa nkinama zubuvuzi. Buri gihe ujye ubaza inzobere mu by'ubuzima mbere yo gukoresha inyongera cyangwa guhindura gahunda z'ubuzima.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2023
