Kugumana urugero rwiza rwa cholesterol ni ngombwa kubuzima bwumutima nubuzima muri rusange. Urwego rwa cholesterol nyinshi rushobora gukurura ibibazo bitandukanye byubuzima, harimo indwara z'umutima ndetse na stroke. Mugihe imiti ishobora gutegekwa kurwanya cholesterol, impinduka zoroshye mubuzima nazo zirashobora kugira uruhare runini mukugabanya cholesterol bisanzwe. Kurya indyo yuzuye, kwishora mubikorwa bisanzwe byumubiri, gucunga amaganya, gusinzira bihagije, no kwinjira muri gahunda yinyongera yimirire ni intambwe zingenzi mugukomeza urugero rwa cholesterol. Mugihe uhinduye utuntu duto mubikorwa byawe bya buri munsi, urashobora kuzamura ubuzima bwumutima wawe no gukomeza ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.
Cholesterol ni ibishashara, ibinure biboneka bisanzwe muri selile zose z'umubiri. Nibintu byingenzi bikenewe kugirango habeho imisemburo, vitamine D, nibintu bifasha igogorwa. Nubwo cholesterol ikenewe kugirango imibiri yacu ikore neza, cholesterol nyinshi irashobora kwangiza ubuzima bwacu.
Imibiri yacu itanga cholesterol mu mwijima no mu mara, kandi dukoresha cholesterol binyuze mu biribwa bimwe na bimwe, nk'inyama, inkoko, n'ibikomoka ku mata yuzuye amavuta. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa cholesterol: cholesterol ya lipoprotein nyinshi (HDL), ikunze kwitwa cholesterol "nziza", na cholesterol ya lipoprotein (LDL) ikunze kwitwa cholesterol "mbi".
Cholesterol ya HDL ifatwa nk "nziza" kuko ifasha gukuramo cholesterol ya LDL irenze mu maraso no kuyisubiza mu mwijima, aho ishobora kumeneka ikavanwa mu mubiri. Ku rundi ruhande, LDL cholesterol, irashobora kwiyubaka mu mitsi, igakora plaque, imitsi ifunga imitsi kandi ikagabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ibi byongera ibyago byo kurwara umutima, ubwonko, nibindi bibazo byumutima.
Umubare munini wa cholesterol mu maraso ni ikintu gikomeye gitera indwara z'umutima, intandaro y'urupfu ku isi. Ibintu byinshi birashobora gutera cholesterol nyinshi, harimo indyo itameze neza, kubura imyitozo ngororamubiri, kunywa itabi, umubyibuho ukabije, hamwe nubuvuzi bumwe na bumwe, nka diyabete na hypotherroidism.
Kugirango umenye urugero rwa cholesterol, hakorwa ikizamini cyamaraso cyitwa lipid profile cyangwa lipid panel. Iki kizamini gipima cholesterol yuzuye, cholesterol ya LDL, cholesterol ya HDL, na triglyceride (ubundi bwoko bwamavuta mumaraso yawe).
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwa cholesterol: LDL na HDL
Cholesterol ya LDL: cholesterol ya LDL igereranya lipoproteine nkeya kandi izwi nka cholesterol "mbi". Ibi ni ukubera ko bishobora gutera kwiyubaka kwa plaque, guhuza ibinure, cholesterol na calcium bishobora guhagarika imitsi kandi bikabuza gutembera kwamaraso. Iyo umuvuduko wamaraso uhagaritswe, urashobora kugira umutima cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima.
Cholesterol ya HDL: cholesterol ya HDL igereranya lipoproteine yuzuye. Yitwa cholesterol "nziza" kuko HDL irinda umutima. Akazi ka HDL ni ugutwara igice cya cholesterol ya LDL kiva kumutima kijya mu mwijima, aho gishobora gusohoka mu mubiri.
1. Impamvu zimirire
Indyo yacu igira uruhare runini mukumenya urugero rwa cholesterol. Ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi hamwe n’amavuta ya transit birashobora gutuma kwiyongera kwa cholesterol ya lipoprotein (LDL) nkeya, bakunze kwita cholesterol "mbi". Kurya inyama nyinshi zitukura, ibikomoka ku mata yuzuye amavuta, ibiryo bikaranze, ibiryo bitunganijwe, hamwe nudukariso birashobora gutuma habaho kwiyongera kwa cholesterol ya LDL, ishobora gufunga imitsi no kubuza amaraso.
2. Imibereho yo kwicara hamwe
Kubura imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ikindi kintu cyingenzi murwego rwa cholesterol nyinshi. Imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe ifasha kongera cholesterol ya lipoprotein (HDL) yuzuye cyane, bakunze kwita cholesterol "nziza", igira uruhare runini mu gutwara cholesterol irenze mu maraso ikajya mu mwijima kugira ngo itungwe. Hatariho imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije, uburinganire buri hagati ya LDL na HDL cholesterol burashobora guhungabana, bigatuma cholesterol yiyongera.
3. Umubyibuho ukabije no kwiyongera ibiro
Kugira umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa umubyibuho ukabije bifitanye isano rya hafi na cholesterol nyinshi. Kugira umubyibuho ukabije, cyane cyane hafi yinda, byongera cholesterol ya LDL na triglyceride mugihe ugabanya cholesterol ya HDL. Umubyibuho ukabije ugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo guhinduranya neza no kuvana cholesterol mu maraso, bigatuma habaho kwirundanya kwa cholesterol no gukura kwa ateriyose.
4. Ibintu bikomokaho
Abantu bamwe bafite imyumvire yo kugira cholesterol nyinshi kubera indwara zishingiye ku ngirabuzima fatizo nka hypercholesterolemia yo mu muryango. Ibi bintu bihungabanya ubushobozi bwumubiri bwo gukuraho cholesterol ya LDL irenze mumaraso, bigatuma cholesterol ikomeza kwiyongera. Ibintu bikomokaho bikomoka ku ijanisha rito gusa rya kanseri ya cholesterol nyinshi, ariko ntibigomba kwirengagizwa mugihe cyo gusuzuma ibintu bishobora guteza umuntu ingaruka.
5. Kunywa itabi no kunywa
Kunywa itabi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri cholesterol. Kunywa itabi bigabanya cholesterol ya HDL, bigatuma bidakorwa neza mugukuraho cholesterol ya LDL mumaraso. Yangiza kandi imitsi yimitsi yawe, byorohereza cholesterol kwinjira no gukora plaque. Ku rundi ruhande, kunywa cyane birashobora kuzamura urugero rwa triglyceride, ubwoko bw'amavuta mu maraso afitanye isano na cholesterol nyinshi.
1. Kubabara mu gatuza cyangwa angina: Kimwe mu bimenyetso byingenzi bya cholesterol nyinshi ni ububabare bwo mu gatuza cyangwa angina. Iyo plaque yubatse mu mitsi, irashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wamaraso mumitsi yumutima, bigatera ububabare bwo mu gatuza cyangwa kutamererwa neza. Ubu bubabare bushobora gukwirakwira mu maboko, ibitugu, ijosi, urwasaya, cyangwa umugongo kandi akenshi biterwa no gukora cyane cyangwa guhangayika. Niba uhuye nibi bimenyetso, ugomba kwihutira kwivuza.
2. Umunaniro ukabije nintege nke: Kumva uhora unaniwe cyangwa ufite intege nke ntampamvu igaragara bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyoroshye cya cholesterol nyinshi. Iyo imiyoboro ifunze hamwe no kubaka plaque, irashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wamaraso mumubiri, bigatera umunaniro nintege nke. Ibi bimenyetso birashobora kutamenyekana cyangwa biterwa nubuzima buhuze cyangwa kubura ibitotsi. Icyakora, ni ngombwa kwitondera ibyo bimenyetso, kuko bishobora kwerekana ibibazo byubuzima, harimo na cholesterol nyinshi.
3. Kubura Umwuka: Niba usanze udahwema guhumeka, ndetse no mugihe cyumucyo cyangwa kuruhuka, birashobora gutera impungenge. Kwiyongera kwa plaque mu mitsi birashobora kugira ingaruka kumaraso mu bihaha, bikagorana guhumeka. Iki kimenyetso rimwe na rimwe kiganisha ku gusuzuma nabi nkikibazo cyubuhumekero aho kuba gifitanye isano na cholesterol nyinshi.
4. Umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso: Umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso, cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso, akenshi ujyana na cholesterol nyinshi. Kwiyongera kwa plaque mu mitsi ntibibuza gusa gutembera kw'amaraso, ahubwo binashyira imbaraga nyinshi kumutima, bigatuma umuvuduko wamaraso uzamuka. Nubwo umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso ushobora kugira impamvu nyinshi, hagomba gusuzumwa amahirwe ya cholesterol nyinshi nkimpamvu nyamukuru.
5.Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abantu bafite cholesterol nyinshi barashobora kurwara cholesterol yoroshye, yumuhondo bita xanthoma kuruhu rwabo. Ibyo kubitsa bigaragara cyane cyane kumaso no hafi yijisho ryijimye, ibara ry'umuhondo. Nubwo bitababaza, kuboneka kwabo bigomba kumenyesha abantu ko bishoboka ko cholesterol ishobora kuba nyinshi.
Kugumana urugero rwiza rwa cholesterol ni ingenzi ku buzima muri rusange, kuko urugero rwa cholesterol rwiyongereye rushobora gutuma ibyago by’indwara z'umutima byiyongera ndetse n’izindi ndwara zifata umutima. Nubwo gufata ubuzima buzira umuze, harimo imyitozo isanzwe hamwe nimirire yuzuye, niyo shingiro ryo kurwanya cholesterol, inyongeramusaruro zimwe na zimwe zirashobora gutanga imbaraga zikomeye.
1. Omega-3 amavuta acide
Omega-3 fatty acide, ikunze kuboneka mu mafi arimo amavuta nka salmon, makerel, na sardine, azwiho inyungu nyinshi mubuzima. Kwinjiza aside irike mumirire yawe ukoresheje inyongera cyangwa kurya amafi birashobora kugabanya urugero rwa triglyceride no kongera urugero rwa cholesterol ya HDL (nziza). Omega-3 fatty acide nayo ifite imiti irwanya inflammatory ifasha mukurinda gukora plaque mumitsi, bikanafasha kurushaho kuzamura ubuzima bwumutima.
2. Tungurusumu
Tungurusumu imaze igihe kinini izwiho inyungu nyinshi zubuzima, harimo nubushobozi bwo kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol. Allicin, ifumbire ikora muri tungurusumu, byagaragaye ko igabanya umusaruro wa cholesterol mu mwijima kandi ikabuza okiside ya cholesterol ya LDL. Ongeramo tungurusumu mbisi cyangwa zitetse kumafunguro yawe cyangwa gufata tungurusumu ya tungurusumu irashobora kunoza imiterere ya cholesterol, bigatuma byiyongera kandi bihendutse kuri gahunda yo gucunga cholesterol.
OEA ni molekile isanzwe iboneka mumubiri wacu ikora nka molekile yerekana inzira zitandukanye. Ifite uruhare runini muguhuza ingufu, ubushake bwo kurya, na metabolism ya lipide. OEA ikorwa cyane cyane mu mara mato, ariko irashobora no kuboneka mu zindi ngingo no mu ngingo.
OEA irashobora kugenga ubushobozi bwa cholesterol metabolism. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko OEA ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri cholesterol muguhindura synthesis, transport, no kwinjirira mumubiri. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku ngero z’inyamaswa bwerekanye ko ubuyobozi bwa OEA bugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol, cyane cyane LDL (lipoprotein nkeya) ya cholesterol, cholesterol "mbi".
OEA ibikora ikora reseptor zimwe na zimwe zakira mu nda, harimo PPAR-alpha (peroxisome proliferator-ikora reseptor alpha). Iyo PPAR-alpha ikora, itera gusenyuka kwa aside irike, bityo bikagabanya umusaruro wa cholesterol, cyane cyane mwumwijima. Byongeye kandi, OEA irashobora kongera isohoka rya cholesterol mu mubiri, bikarushaho kugira ingaruka zo kugabanya cholesterol.
Byongeye kandi, OEA itezimbere insuline kandi ikagenga metabolisme ya glucose, byombi bikaba ari ibintu byingenzi bigumana urugero rwa cholesterol nziza. Mugutunganya ubwo buryo bwo guhinduranya, OEA iteza imbere mu buryo butaziguye umwirondoro mwiza wa lipide kandi igabanya ibyago byo guterwa na cholesterol.
Cholesterol ni ibinure byakozwe muburyo busanzwe numubiri wacu kandi biboneka no mubiryo bimwe. Ifite uruhare runini mumikorere yumubiri nko gukora imisemburo na selile.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko PEA ishobora guhagarika umusaruro wa cholesterol mu ngirangingo z'umwijima. Kubikora, birashobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol muri rusange no kugabanya ibyago byindwara zifata umutima. Ingaruka zishobora kugabanya cholesterol ya PEA zitekereza ko ziterwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora reseptor zimwe na zimwe zigenga cholesterol metabolism.
Byongeye kandi, PEA yasanze ifite imiti igabanya ubukana. Gutwika bigira uruhare runini mu mikurire ya Atherosclerose, indwara icyorezo cya cholesterol cyiyongera mu mitsi, bigatuma umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka kandi bikongera ibyago byo kurwara umutima. Mugabanya gucana, PEA irashobora gufasha kubungabunga imiyoboro myiza no kwirinda kolesiteroli yiyongera.
Ikibazo: Ese imiti karemano cyangwa inyongera bigabanya cholesterol neza?
Igisubizo: Bimwe mubintu bisanzwe hamwe ninyongera bishobora kugira ingaruka zo kugabanya cholesterol, ariko imikorere yabyo iratandukanye. Birasabwa kugisha inama inzobere mu buzima mbere yo gutangira imiti iyo ari yo yose cyangwa inyongera kugira ngo umutekano wabo ukore neza.
Ikibazo: Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango ubone ibisubizo bivuye mubuzima bwahindutse kugirango cholesterol igabanuke bisanzwe?
Igisubizo: Igihe ntarengwa cyo kubona ibisubizo bivuye mubuzima bwahindutse biratandukanye kubantu. Mubisanzwe, iterambere ryinshi murwego rwa cholesterol rirashobora kugaragara mugihe cyamezi 3 kugeza kuri 6 nyuma yo guhindura ubuzima bwiza.
Inshingano: Iyi ngingo ni iyamakuru rusange gusa kandi ntigomba gusobanurwa nkinama zose zubuvuzi. Amwe muma poste yamakuru aturuka kuri enterineti kandi ntabwo ari umwuga. Uru rubuga rufite inshingano zo gutondeka, gutunganya no guhindura ingingo. Intego yo gutanga amakuru menshi ntabwo bivuze ko wemera ibitekerezo byayo cyangwa kwemeza ukuri kwibirimo. Buri gihe ujye ubaza inzobere mu buzima mbere yo gukoresha inyongeramusaruro cyangwa guhindura ibintu byubuzima bwawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2023
