Uko umuryango ugenda utera imbere, abantu barimo kwita cyane ku bibazo by'ubuzima. Uyu munsi ndagira ngo mbagezeho amakuru amwe yerekeye indwara ya Alzheimer, indwara itera ubwonko gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwibuka n'ubundi bushobozi bwo gutekereza.
Ukuri
Indwara ya Alzheimer, ubwoko bukunze kugaragara bwa dementia, ni ijambo rusange risobanura kwibuka no gutakaza ubwenge.
Indwara ya Alzheimer yica kandi nta muti ifite. Ni indwara idakira itangirana no gutakaza kwibuka amaherezo igatera kwangirika gukomeye k'ubwonko.
Iyi ndwara yitiriwe Dr. Alois Alzheimer. Mu 1906, inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi yakoze isuzuma ry'umubiri w'umugore wapfuye nyuma yo kugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga nabi, imyitwarire idasobanutse neza no gutakaza kwibuka. Dr. Alzheimer yavumbuye uduce twa amyloid na neurofibrillary tangles, bifatwa nk'ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka:
Imyaka - Nyuma y'imyaka 65, amahirwe yo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer yikuba kabiri buri myaka itanu. Ku bantu benshi, ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara nyuma y'imyaka 60.
Amateka y'umuryango – Ibintu bigize imiterere y'umubiri bigira uruhare mu byago by'umuntu.
Ihungabana ryo mu Mutwe - Hashobora kubaho isano iri hagati y'iyi ndwara n'ihungabana rikomeje cyangwa guta ubwenge.
Ubuzima bw'umutima - Indwara z'umutima nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cholesterol nyinshi na diyabete bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa imitsi y'amaraso.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso 5 by'umuburo by'indwara ya Alzheimer?
Ibimenyetso bishoboka: gutakaza kwibuka, gusubiramo ibibazo n'amagambo, kudafata ibintu neza, gushyira ibintu mu mwanya mubi, impinduka mu byiyumvo no mu miterere y'umuntu, urujijo, kwibeshya no guhangayika, guhubuka, gucika intege, kugorwa no kumira
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'indwara yo kwibagirwa (dementia) n'indwara ya Alzheimer?
Indwara ya Dementia n'indwara ya Alzheimer byombi ni indwara zifitanye isano no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, ariko hari itandukaniro hagati yabyo.
Dementia ni indwara iterwa no kugabanuka k'imikorere y'ubwonko bitewe n'impamvu nyinshi, harimo ibimenyetso nko kwibagirwa, ubushobozi bwo gutekereza buke, no kudafata ibintu neza. Indwara ya Alzheimer ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu ndwara zo kwibagirwa kandi ikaba ari yo itera indwara nyinshi zo kwibagirwa.
Indwara ya Alzheimer ni indwara ikomeza kwangirika kw'ubwonko ikunze kwibasira abantu bakuze kandi irangwa no gushyira poroteyine mu bwonko ku buryo budasanzwe, bigatera kwangirika kw'imitsi no gupfa. Dementia ni ijambo rinini rikubiyemo kugabanuka k'ubwenge bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye, atari indwara ya Alzheimer gusa.
Ibigereranyo by'igihugu
Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara kivuga ko Abanyamerika bagera kuri miliyoni 6.5 barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Iyi ndwara ni yo mpamvu ya gatanu itera impfu mu bantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 65 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Biteganijwe ko ikiguzi cyo kwita ku bantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kizaba miliyari 345 z'amadolari mu 2023.
indwara ya alzheimer itangira hakiri kare
Indwara ya Alzheimer itangira hakiri kare ni indwara idakunze kugaragara yo mu mutwe, ikaba yibasira cyane cyane abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 65.
Indwara ya Alzheimer itangira hakiri kare ikunze kwibasira imiryango.
Ubushakashatsi
9 Werurwe 2014—Mu bushakashatsi bwa mbere bw’ubwoko bwayo, abashakashatsi bavuga ko bakoze ikizamini cy’amaraso gishobora guhanura neza cyane niba abantu bazima bazarwara indwara ya Alzheimer.
23 Ugushyingo 2016 – Isosiyete ikora imiti muri Amerika, Eli Lilly, yatangaje ko izasoza igerageza ry’icyiciro cya 3 ry’umuti wayo wa Alzheimer witwa solanezumab. “Umuvuduko wo kugabanuka k’ubwonko ntiwagabanutse cyane ku barwayi bavuwe na solanezumab ugereranije n’abarwayi bavuwe na placebo,” ibi byatangajwe n’iyi sosiyete mu itangazo.
Gashyantare 2017 – Isosiyete ikora imiti Merck yahagaritse igeragezwa ry’umuti wayo wa Alzheimer witwa verubecestat nyuma y’uko ubushakashatsi bwigenga bwagaragaje ko uyu muti “udafite akamaro gakomeye.”
Ku ya 28 Gashyantare 2019 – Ikinyamakuru Nature Genetics cyasohoye ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ubwoko bune bushya bwa genetike byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer. Izi genetike zisa nkaho zikorana mu kugenzura imikorere y'umubiri igira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'iyi ndwara.
4 Mata 2022 – Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muri iyi nkuru bwavumbuye izindi jeni 42 zifitanye isano n’iterambere ry’indwara ya Alzheimer.
7 Mata 2022 — Ikigo gishinzwe serivisi za Medicare na Medicaid cyatangaje ko kizagabanya uburyo umuti wa Alzheimer uteje akaga kandi uhenze wa Aduhelm ukoreshwa mu igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi ryujuje ibisabwa.
4 Gicurasi 2022 – Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya indwara ya Alzheimer cyatangaje ko cyemeye ikizamini gishya cyo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer. Ni cyo kizamini cya mbere cyo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer gishobora gusimbura ibikoresho nka PET scans zikoreshwa ubu mu gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer.
30 Kamena 2022 – Abahanga mu bya siyansi bavumbuye gene isa n’aho yongera ibyago by’umugore byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer, itanga ibimenyetso bishya ku mpamvu abagore ari bo bashobora gufatwa n’iyi ndwara kurusha abagabo. Gene, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), igira uruhare runini mu bushobozi bw’umubiri bwo gusana ADN ku bagabo no ku bagore. Ariko abashakashatsi nta sano basanze hagati ya MGMT n’indwara ya Alzheimer ku bagabo.
22 Mutarama 2024—Ubushakashatsi bushya bwakozwe mu kinyamakuru JAMA Neurology bwerekana ko indwara ya Alzheimer ishobora gupimwa mu buryo “bwiza cyane” hagaragazwa poroteyine yitwa phosphorylated tau, cyangwa p-tau, mu maraso y’umuntu. Indwara idasobanutse, ishobora gukorwa mbere yuko ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-09-2024
