Ubushakashatsi bushya butarasohoka bugaragaza ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane ku buzima bwacu. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakurikiranye abantu barenga igice cya miliyoni mu gihe cy’imyaka hafi 30, bwagaragaje bimwe mu byavumbuwe biteye impungenge. Erica Loftfield, umwanditsi mukuru w’ubu bushakashatsi akaba n’umushakashatsi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurwanya kanseri, yavuze ko kurya ibiryo byinshi bitunganyijwe cyane bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho cy’umuntu ho ibirenze 10%. Nyuma yo kumenyera ibintu bitandukanye, ibyago byazamutse bigera kuri 15% ku bagabo na 14% ku bagore.
Ubushakashatsi kandi bunareba ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane bikunze kunyobwa. Igitangaje ni uko ibinyobwa byagaragaye ko bigira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane. Mu by'ukuri, 90% by'abaguzi b'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane bavuga ko ibinyobwa bitunganyijwe cyane (harimo n'imirire n'ibinyobwa bidasembuye birimo isukari) ari byo biza ku rutonde rw'ibinyobwa byabo. Ibi bigaragaza uruhare runini ibinyobwa bigira mu mirire n'uruhare rwabyo mu ikoreshwa ry'ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibinyampeke byatunganyijwe, nk'imigati yatunganyijwe cyane n'ibiryo byokejwe, ari byo biri mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane. Iki cyegeranyo kigaragaza ubwinshi bw'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane mu mirire yacu ndetse n'ingaruka zishobora kugira ku buzima bwacu no ku buzima bwacu.
Ingaruka z'ubu bushakashatsi ni ingenzi kandi zikwiye gusuzumwa neza ku mirire yacu. Ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane, birangwa n'ibirungo byinshi, imiti irinda ubushyuhe, n'ibindi bintu by'ubukorano, bimaze igihe kinini biba ari ingingo ihangayikishije mu bijyanye n'imirire n'ubuzima rusange. Ibi byavumbuwe byongera ibimenyetso byerekana ko kurya ibyo biribwa bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwacu no ku buzima bwacu.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ijambo "ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane" rikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, birimo ibinyobwa birimo isukari n'ibiryo bike, ahubwo n'ibindi biryo byoroshye bipakiye, ibiryo byoroshye n'amafunguro yiteguye kuribwa. Ibi bicuruzwa akenshi biba birimo isukari nyinshi, ibinure bitari byiza na sodiyumu mu gihe bidafite intungamubiri z'ingenzi na fibre. Uburyohe bwabyo n'uburyohe bwabyo byatumye biba amahitamo akunzwe n'abantu benshi, ariko ingaruka z'igihe kirekire zo kubirya ubu ziri kugaragara.
Carlos Monteiro, umwarimu w’ibanze w’imirire n’ubuzima rusange muri Kaminuza ya São Paulo muri Brezili, yagize ati mu butumwa bwe bwo kuri interineti: “Ubu ni ubundi bushakashatsi bunini kandi bw’igihe kirekire bwemeza isano iri hagati y’ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane cyane UPF (ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane) n’isano iri hagati y’impfu, cyane cyane indwara z’umutima na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.”
Monteiro yahimbye ijambo "ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane" anashyiraho uburyo bwa NOVA bwo gushyira mu byiciro ibiryo, butibanda gusa ku mirire ahubwo no ku buryo ibiryo bikorwa. Monteiro ntiyigeze agira uruhare muri ubu bushakashatsi, ariko bamwe mu bagize uburyo bwa NOVA bwo gushyira mu byiciro ni abanditsi bafatanyije.
Inyongeramusaruro zirimo imiti irinda ibinyabutabire irwanya ibihumyo na bagiteri, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe kugira ngo idatandukanya ibintu bidahuye, amabara n'irangi by'ubukorano, imiti igabanya ifuro, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe, imiti igabanya ubushyuhe n'imiti igabanya ubushyuhe, hamwe n'iyongerwamo kugira ngo ibiryo biryohe cyangwa bihindure isukari, umunyu n'ibinure.
Ingaruka ku buzima zikomoka ku nyama zatunganyijwe n'ibinyobwa bidasembuye
Ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze, bwatanzwe ku Cyumweru mu nama ngarukamwaka ya American Academy of Nutrition yabereye i Chicago, bwasesenguye Abanyamerika bagera ku 541.000 bari hagati y'imyaka 50 na 71 bitabiriye ubushakashatsi ku mirire n'ubuvuzi bw'ibigo by'igihugu byita ku buzima - AARP mu 1995.
Abashakashatsi bahuje amakuru y’imirire n’impfu mu myaka 20 kugeza kuri 30 iri imbere. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu barya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bafite amahirwe menshi yo gupfa bazize indwara z’umutima cyangwa diyabete kurusha abari mu 10% by’abarya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane. Ariko, bitandukanye n’ubundi bushakashatsi, abashakashatsi basanze nta bwiyongere bw’impfu ziterwa na kanseri.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibiryo abana barya byatunganyijwe cyane muri iki gihe bishobora kugira ingaruka zirambye.
Impuguke zasanze ibimenyetso by'ibyago byo kwangirika k'umutima n'amaraso mu bana b'imyaka 3. Dore ibyo kurya bahuriyeho nabyo
Loftfield yagize ati: “Inyama n’ibinyobwa bikozwe cyane biri mu biribwa bikozwe cyane bifitanye isano rikomeye n’ibyago byo gupfa.”
Ibinyobwa bifite karori nke bifatwa nk'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane kuko birimo ibintu biryoshye by'ubukorano nka aspartame, acesulfame potasiyumu, na stevia, ndetse n'ibindi bintu bitaboneka mu biribwa byuzuye. Ibinyobwa bifite karori nke bifitanye isano n'ibyago byo gupfa hakiri kare biturutse ku ndwara z'umutima ndetse no kwiyongera kw'indwara zo mu mutwe, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, umubyibuho ukabije, indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko no mu mikorere y'umubiri, bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima na diyabete.
Amabwiriza y’imirire ku Banyamerika yamaze gutanga inama yo kugabanya ibinyobwa birimo isukari, byagaragaye ko bifitanye isano n’impfu z’igihe gito ndetse n’indwara zidakira. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri Werurwe 2019 bwagaragaje ko abagore banyoye ibinyobwa birenga bibiri bifite isukari (bisobanurwa nk’igikombe gisanzwe, icupa cyangwa agacupa) ku munsi bafite ibyago byo gupfa imburagihe byiyongeraho 63% ugereranije n’abagore banyoye munsi y’inshuro imwe mu kwezi. %. Abagabo banyoye ibi bintu bimwe bari bafite ibyago byo kwiyongeraho 29%.
Vanga utwo kurya tw’umunyu. Ishusho y’ameza yometse ku gisenge cy’ibiti bya kera.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bifitanye isano n'indwara z'umutima, diyabete, indwara zo mu mutwe n'urupfu rukiri ruke
Inyama zatunganyijwe nka bacon, hot dog, sosiso, jambon, inyama z'inka zitetse, jerky, n'inyama zo mu bwoko bwa deli ntibyemewe; ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko inyama zitukura n'inyama zatunganyijwe bifitanye isano na kanseri y'amara, kanseri yo mu gifu, indwara z'umutima, diyabete, n'indwara z'imburagihe zikomoka ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose.
Rosie Green, Porofeseri w’ibidukikije, ibiribwa n’ubuzima mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Isuku n’Ubuvuzi bwo mu Ntara za Tropike ryo mu Mujyi wa London, yagize ati: “Ubu bushakashatsi bushya butanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko inyama zitunganyijwe zishobora kuba kimwe mu biribwa bidafite akamaro, ariko inyama y’ingurube ntifatwa nk’inyama z’inkoko cyangwa inkoko ni UPF (ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane).” Ntabwo yagize uruhare muri ubu bushakashatsi.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu barya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bari bakiri bato, baremereye, kandi muri rusange bari bafite indyo mbi kurusha abarya ibiryo byatunganyijwe bike. Ariko, ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iri tandukaniro ritashoboraga gusobanura ingaruka z’ubuzima ziyongera, kuko n’abantu bafite ibiro bisanzwe kandi barya indyo nziza bashobora gupfa imburagihe bazize kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane.
Impuguke zivuga ko kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bishobora kuba byikubye kabiri kuva ubwo ubushakashatsi bwakorwaga. Anastasiia Krivenok/Moment RF/Getty Images
“Ubushakashatsi bukoresha uburyo bwo gushyira mu byiciro ibiryo nka NOVA, bwibanda ku rugero rw’uburyo bitunganywa aho kwibanda ku ntungamubiri, bukwiye kwitabwaho cyane,” Carla Saunders, umuyobozi wa Komite Ishinzwe Kugenzura Kalori mu ishyirahamwe ry’inganda, yagize ati mu butumwa bw’ibaruwa.
Saunders yagize ati: “Gutanga igitekerezo cyo gukuraho ibikoresho byo mu mirire nk’ibinyobwa biryoshye bidafite karori nkeya, byagaragaye ko ari byiza mu kuvura indwara nk’umubyibuho ukabije na diyabete, ni bibi kandi ni ukwitwara nabi.”
Ibisubizo bishobora kugabanya ibyago
Imbogamizi ikomeye y’ubushakashatsi ni uko amakuru y’imirire yakusanyijwe rimwe gusa, mu myaka 30 ishize, Green yagize ati: “Biragoye kuvuga uburyo ingeso zo kurya zahindutse hagati y’icyo gihe n’ubu.”
Ariko, inganda zikora ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane zarazamutse cyane kuva hagati mu myaka ya 1990, kandi bivugwa ko hafi 60% by'ibiribwa bikoreshwa buri munsi by'Abanyamerika bikomoka ku biribwa bitunganyijwe cyane. Ibi ntibitangaje kuko 70% by'ibiribwa byo mu iduka iryo ari ryo ryose bishobora kuba bitunganyijwe cyane.
Lovefield yagize ati: “Niba hari ikibazo, ni uko dushobora kuba dupfobya ibyo kurya byacu byatunganyijwe cyane kuko tuba dukomeje kugendera ku mahame agenga ibidukikije.” “Ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bishobora kwiyongera uko imyaka igenda ihita.”
Mu by’ukuri, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muri Gicurasi bwagaragaje ibisubizo nk’ibyo, bwerekana ko abakozi barenga 100.000 bo mu rwego rw’ubuzima barya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane bahura n’ibyago byinshi byo gupfa imburagihe no gupfa biturutse ku ndwara z’umutima n’imitsi. Ubu bushakashatsi, bwasuzumye ifunguro ryatunganyijwe cyane buri myaka ine, bwagaragaje ko kurya byikubye kabiri kuva hagati mu myaka ya 1980 kugeza 2018.
Umukobwa akura ibirayi bikaranze bikaranze mu gikombe cyangwa ku isahani abishyire ku ibara ry'umweru cyangwa ku meza. Ibirayi byari mu maboko y'umugore maze arabirya. Indyo mbi n'uburyo bwo kubaho, kwibumbira hamwe ibiro bikabije.
ingingo zijyanye
Ushobora kuba warariye ibiryo byabanje gusya. Impamvu ni izi zikurikira
“Urugero, kurya buri munsi utuntu duto tw’umunyu dupakiye hamwe n’utundi duto tw’amata nka ice cream byikubye hafi kabiri kuva mu myaka ya 1990,” nk’uko byatangajwe n’umwanditsi mukuru w’ubushakashatsi bwa Gicurasi, Clinical Epidemiology mu Ishuri ry’Ubuzima rusange rya Harvard TH Chan, Dr. Song Mingyang, umwarimu wungirije wa siyansi n’imirire.
Song yagize ati: “Mu bushakashatsi bwacu, nk’uko byagenze muri ubu bushakashatsi bushya, umubano mwiza watewe ahanini n’amatsinda menshi, harimo inyama zatunganyijwe n’ibinyobwa birimo isukari cyangwa ibiryo biryoshye mu buryo bw’ubukorano. Ariko, ibyiciro byose by’ibiribwa byatunganyijwe cyane bifitanye isano n’ingaruka ziyongera.”
Loftfield avuga ko guhitamo ibiryo bitunganyijwe bike ari bumwe mu buryo bwo kugabanya ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane mu mirire yawe.
Yagize ati: “Dukwiye kwibanda cyane ku kurya indyo ikungahaye ku biribwa byuzuye. Niba ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane, reba ingano ya sodium n'isukari yongewemo hanyuma ugerageze gukoresha icyapa cya Nutrition Facts kugira ngo ufate icyemezo cyiza.”
None se, ni iki twakora kugira ngo tugabanye ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibiribwa byatunganyijwe cyane ku buzima bwacu? Intambwe ya mbere ni ukwita cyane ku mahitamo yacu y'imirire. Twitaye cyane ku bintu bigize ibiryo n'ibinyobwa dufata, dushobora gufata ibyemezo birambuye ku byo dushyira mu mibiri yacu. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo guhitamo ibiryo byose, bitatunganyijwe igihe cyose bishoboka no kugabanya kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane kandi bipakiye.
Byongeye kandi, gukangurira abantu kumenya ingaruka ziterwa no kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe cyane ni ingenzi cyane. Uburezi n'ubukangurambaga mu by'ubuzima rusange bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kwigisha abantu ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'amahitamo y'imirire ku buzima no kubafasha gufata ibyemezo bizima. Mu guteza imbere ubumenyi bwimbitse ku isano iri hagati y'imirire n'ubuzima burambye, dushobora gushishikariza abantu guhindura imikorere myiza mu mirire no ku buzima bwabo muri rusange.
Byongeye kandi, abashyiraho politiki n'abafatanyabikorwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa bafite uruhare mu guhangana n'ubwiyongere bw'ibiribwa bitunganyijwe cyane mu biribwa. Gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza n'ingamba ziteza imbere kuboneka no kugabanuka kw'amahitamo meza kandi adatunganyijwe cyane bishobora gufasha gushyiraho ibidukikije bishyigikira abantu baharanira guhitamo neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2024
