Kuki Ukwiye Kugura Ifu ya Spermidine? Inyungu z'ingenzi zasobanuwe

Spermidine,bizwi kandi nka spermidine, ni triamine polyamine iboneka cyane mu bimera nk'ingano, soya, n'ibirayi, mikorobe nka lactobacilli na bifidobacteria, hamwe n'ingingo zitandukanye z'inyamaswa. Spermidine ni hydrocarubone ifite skeleton ya karubone imeze nka zigzag igizwe na atome 7 za karubone hamwe nitsinda rya amino kumpande zombi no hagati.

Ubushakashatsi bugezweho bwerekanye ko spermidine igira uruhare mubikorwa byingenzi byubuzima nko kwigana ADN ya selile, kwandukura mRNA, no guhindura poroteyine, ndetse nuburyo butandukanye bwa patrophysiologique nko kurinda imibiri yumubiri na metabolism. Ifite umutima-mitsi kurinda na neuroprotection, kurwanya ibibyimba, no kugenzura ibicanwa, nibindi. Ibikorwa byingenzi byibinyabuzima.

Spermidine ifatwa nkigikorwa gikomeye cya autophagy, inzira yo gutunganya ingirangingo zidasanzwe zinyuzamo ingirabuzimafatizo zishaje zisubiramo kandi zigarura ibikorwa. Spermidine igira uruhare runini mumikorere ya selile no kubaho. Mu mubiri, spermidine ikorwa muri preursor putrescine, nayo ikaba ibanziriza indi polyamine yitwa spermine, nayo ifite akamaro kanini mumikorere ya selile.

Spermidine na putrescine bitera autophagy, sisitemu isenya imyanda yo mu nda kandi ikongera igakoresha ibice bigize selile kandi ni uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwa mitochondriya, imbaraga za selile. Autophagy irasenyuka ikajugunya mitochondriya yangiritse cyangwa ifite inenge, kandi guta mitochondrial ni inzira igenzurwa cyane. Polyamine irashobora guhuza ubwoko bwinshi bwa molekile, bigatuma ihinduka. Bashyigikira inzira nko gukura kwingirabuzimafatizo, ituze rya ADN, ikwirakwizwa rya selile, na apoptose. Polyamine isa nkaho ikora nkibintu bikura mugihe cyo kugabana ingirabuzimafatizo, niyo mpamvu putrescine na spermidine ari ingenzi kumikurire n'imikorere yinyama nzima.

Abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi ku buryo intanga ngabo zirinda selile imbaraga za okiside, zishobora kwangiza ingirabuzimafatizo kandi zigatera indwara zitandukanye. Basanze spermidine ikora autophagy. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye genes nyinshi zingenzi ziterwa na spermidine igabanya imbaraga za okiside kandi igatera autofagy muri selile. Byongeye kandi, basanze guhagarika inzira ya mTOR, ubusanzwe igira uruhare mukubuza autofagy, byongera ingaruka zo kurinda spermidine.

Nibihe biribwa birimo spermidine?

Spermidine ni polyamine ikomeye. Usibye kuba byakozwe numubiri wumuntu ubwawo, amasoko menshi yibiribwa hamwe na mikorobe yo munda nabyo ni inzira zingenzi zitanga. Ingano ya spermidine mubiribwa bitandukanye iratandukanye cyane, mikorobe yingano ikaba isoko izwi cyane. Andi masoko akomoka ku mirire arimo imbuto, imbuto za soya, ibishyimbo, ibigori, ibinyampeke byose, inkeri, amashaza, urusenda rwatsi, broccoli, amacunga, icyayi kibisi, umuceri wumuceri na peporo nshya. Byongeye kandi, ibiryo nkibihumyo bya shiitake, imbuto za amaranth, kawuseri, foromaje ikuze na durian nabyo birimo spermidine.

Twabibutsa ko indyo ya Mediterane irimo ibiryo byinshi bikungahaye kuri spermidine, bishobora gufasha gusobanura "ubururu bwubururu" aho abantu baba igihe kirekire mubice bimwe. Ariko, kubantu badashoboye kurya spermidine ihagije binyuze mumirire, inyongera za spermidine nubundi buryo bwiza. Intanga ngabo muri izi nyongera ni molekile isanzwe iboneka, bigatuma iba inzira nziza.

Putrescine ni iki?

Umusaruro wa putrescine urimo inzira ebyiri, zombi zitangirana na aminide aside amine. Mu nzira yambere, arginine ibanza guhindurwa kuri agmatine itangizwa na arginine decarboxylase. Ibikurikira, agmatine irahindurwa muri N-karbamoylputrescine binyuze mubikorwa bya agmatine iminohydroxylase. Amaherezo, N-karbamoylputrescine ihinduka muri putrescine, ikarangiza inzira yo guhinduka. Inzira ya kabiri iroroshye cyane, ihindura arginine muri ornithine, hanyuma igahindura ornithine muri putrescine binyuze mubikorwa bya ornithine decarboxylase. Nubwo izi nzira zombi zifite intambwe zitandukanye, zombi amaherezo zigera ku guhinduka kuva kuri arginine kugera kuri putrescine.

Putrescine ni diamine iboneka mu ngingo zitandukanye nka pancreas, thymus, uruhu, ubwonko, nyababyeyi na ovaire. Putrescine ikunze kuboneka no mu biribwa nka mikorobe y'ingano, urusenda rwatsi, soya, pisite, n'amacunga. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekanye ko putrescine ari ikintu cyingenzi kigenga metabolike ishobora gukorana na macromolecules y’ibinyabuzima nka ADN yuzuye nabi, RNA, ligande zitandukanye (nka β1 na β2 zakira adrenergique), hamwe na poroteyine za membrane. , biganisha ku ruhererekane rw'imiterere ya physiologique cyangwa patologique mumubiri.

Ingaruka ya Spermidine

Igikorwa cya Antioxydeant: Spermidine ifite ibikorwa bya antioxydeant kandi irashobora gukora hamwe na radicals yubusa kugirango igabanye kwangiza okiside yatewe na selile yubusa. Mu mubiri, spermidine irashobora kandi guteza imbere kwerekana imisemburo ya antioxydeant kandi ikongerera ubushobozi bwa antioxydeant.

Kugena ingufu za metabolisme yingufu: Spermidine igira uruhare mukugenzura ingufu za metabolism yingufu zibinyabuzima, irashobora guteza imbere kwinjiza no gukoresha glucose nyuma yo gufata ibiryo, kandi ikagira ingaruka ku kigereranyo cya metabolism yo mu kirere na metabolism ya anaerobic muguhuza imikorere yumusaruro wa mito-iyambere.

ingaruka zo kurwanya inflammatory

Spermidine igira ingaruka zo kurwanya inflammatory kandi irashobora kugenga imvugo yibintu bitera kandi bikagabanya ibibyimba bidakira. Ahanini bifitanye isano nibintu bya kirimbuzi-κB (NF-κB) inzira.

Gukura, iterambere no kugenzura indwara: Spermidine nayo igira uruhare runini mu mikurire, iterambere no kugenzura indwara. Irashobora guteza imbere gusohora imisemburo ikura mumubiri wumuntu kandi igafasha kuzamura iterambere ryimitsi ningingo zitandukanye zumubiri. Muri icyo gihe kandi, mu kugenzura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, spermidine yongerera umubiri kurwanya virusi n'indwara mu kugenzura umusaruro w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yera no guteza imbere ikurwaho ry'ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora.

Gutinda gusaza: Spermidine irashobora guteza autophagy, inzira yo gukora isuku imbere muri selile ifasha gukuramo ingirangingo na proteyine byangiritse, bityo bigatinda gusaza.

Kugenzura ingirabuzimafatizo: Spermidine igira uruhare runini mu kugenzura ingirabuzimafatizo. Irashobora kugira uruhare muri sisitemu yerekana ibimenyetso no guhuza imikorere hagati ya selile nervice, kandi ikagira uruhare runini mugutegeka iterambere rya neuron, kwanduza synaptic, no kurwanya neuropathie.

Kurinda umutima-mitsi: Mu murima w-umutima, spermidine irashobora kugabanya kwirundanya kwa lipide muri plaque ya aterosklerotike, kugabanya hypertrophyi yumutima, no kunoza imikorere ya diastolique, bityo bikagera no kurinda umutima. Byongeye kandi, gufata ibiryo bya spermidine byongera umuvuduko wamaraso kandi bikagabanya uburwayi bwumutima nimpfu.

Mu mwaka wa 2016, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muri Atherosclerose bwemeje ko spermidine ishobora kugabanya kwirundanya kwa lipide mu byapa bya aterosklerotike. Muri uwo mwaka, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse muri Medicine Medicine bwemeje ko spermidine ishobora kugabanya hypertrophyi yumutima no kunoza imikorere ya diastolique, bityo ikarinda umutima kandi ikongerera igihe cyimbeba.

Kunoza indwara ya Alzheimer

Gufata spermidine ni ingirakamaro kumikorere yibikorwa byabantu. Itsinda rya Porofeseri Reinhart ukomoka muri Ositaraliya ryasanze kuvura spermidine bishobora guteza imbere imikorere yubwenge bwabasaza. Ubushakashatsi bwakoresheje ibishushanyo mbonera-buhumye kandi byandika abantu 85 bageze mu za bukuru mu bigo 6 byita ku bageze mu za bukuru, bagabanyijwemo amatsinda abiri kandi bagakoresha dosiye zitandukanye za spermidine. Imikorere yabo yo kumenya yasuzumwe hifashishijwe ibizamini byo kwibuka hanyuma igabanywamo amatsinda ane: nta guta umutwe, guta umutwe, guta umutwe no guta umutwe bikabije. Amaraso yakusanyirijwe hamwe kugirango harebwe urugero rwa spermidine mumaraso yabo. Ibisubizo byerekanye ko kwibanda kwa spermidine byari bifitanye isano cyane nimikorere yubwenge mumatsinda adafite ikibazo cyo guta umutwe, kandi urwego rwubwenge bwabantu bageze mu zabukuru bafite ikibazo cyo guta umutwe cyoroheje kandi giciriritse cyateye imbere cyane nyuma yo gufata urugero rwinshi rwa spermidine.

Autophagy

Spermidine irashobora guteza autophagy, nka mTOR (intego ya rapamycin) inzira yo kubuza. Mugutezimbere autophagy, ifasha gukuraho ingirangingo na proteyine byangiritse mu ngirabuzimafatizo kandi bikomeza ubuzima bwakagari.

Spermidine hydrochloride ikoreshwa mubice bitandukanye

Mu rwego rwa farumasi, hydrochloride ya spermidine ikoreshwa nkumuti wa hepatoprotective ushobora kunoza imikorere yumwijima no kugabanya kwangirika kwumwijima. Byongeye kandi, spermidine hydrochloride irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara nka cholesterol nyinshi, hypertriglyceridemia, n'indwara z'umutima.

Spermidine hydrochloride ikora igabanya urugero rwa plasma homocysteine ​​(Hcy), bityo bikagabanya ibyago byindwara zifata umutima. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko hydrochloride ya spermidine ishobora guteza metabolisme ya Hcy no kugabanya ibyago byindwara zifata umutima nimiyoboro igabanya urugero rwa plasma Hcy.

Ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka ziterwa na hydrochloride ya spermidine ku ndwara zifata umutima n’umutima byerekanye ko hydrochloride ya spermidine ishobora kugabanya urugero rwa plasma Hcy, bityo bikagabanya ibyago by’indwara zifata umutima. Muri ubwo bushakashatsi, abashakashatsi bagabanije abitabiriye amatsinda abiri, umwe ahabwa spermidine hydrochloride yongeraho undi ahabwa umwanya.

Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byagaragaje ko abitabiriye amahugurwa ya hydrochloride ya spermidine bagabanutse cyane plasma Hcy ndetse no kugabanuka gukwiranye n’indwara zifata umutima. Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi bushakashatsi bushigikira uruhare rwa spermidine hydrochloride mukugabanya ibyago byindwara zifata umutima.

Mu murima wibiryo, hydrochloride ya spermidine ikoreshwa nkibintu byongera uburyohe kandi bigahindura uburyohe bwibiryo no gukomeza ubushuhe bwibiryo. Byongeye kandi, hydrochloride ya spermidine irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibiryo byongera ibiryo kugirango iterambere ryikure nubwiza bwimitsi yinyamaswa.

Mu kwisiga, hydrochloride ya spermidine ikoreshwa nka humectant na antioxidant kugirango ibungabunge uruhu kandi bigabanye kwangirika kwubusa. Byongeye kandi, hydrochloride ya spermidine irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu zuba ryizuba kugirango igabanye kwangiza imirasire ya ultraviolet kuruhu.

Mu murima wubuhinzi, hydrochloride ya spermidine ikoreshwa nkigenzura ryikura ryibihingwa kugirango iteze imbere ibihingwa no kongera umusaruro.